The color of an object depends
upon which component of light it absorbs, reflects or transmits.
For example, a rose appears red because it absorbs all the
colors of white light excepts red. As red is the only color
reflected by the rose, therefore it appears red.
Objects owe their colors to the presence of pigments. Pigments
are optically active substances which absorbs most of the
colors of white light but selectively reflects one or more
colors. Pigment is a coloring material of mineral, animal,
vegetable or synthetic origin. Pigments have no color of their
own, but get activated when exposed to white light
Pigment colors combine by subtractive process in which some
color is absorbed before mixing of the remaining colors. Cyan,
Yellow and Magenta form Primary pigments. In nature no pigment
is pure. That means pigments do not absorb all the light colors
incident on them. When two pigments are mixed together then
the colors reflected by one pigment are absorbed by other
pigment and vice-versa, except a common color, which is reflected
by both the pigments.
Colored filters are used to obtain light of a specific color.
A transparent object, made up of gelatin or glass, which allows
a light of certain color (wavelength) to pass through it and
absorbs all the other colors (wavelength) of white light is
called a colored filter.
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